Offshore A-Z is a digital repository of companies operating across major tax havens. Offshore A-Z exploits the inscrutability of such companies to speculate on their possible nature and intent. Each company listed on here is real, but the information surrounding these consist of both actual records, obtained by dmstfctn, and speculative images and mission statements, generated by algorithms.

Tax havens, or secrecy jurisdictions, employ laws and corporate regulations different from those of most jurisdictions, using secrecy as a prime tool. Furthermore, the agents operating offshore on behalf of clients elsewhere have been observed by dmstfctn to willfully introduce mistakes in the records held on the companies they help forming. (Offshore Investigation Vehicle)

When offshore companies are but a bundle of papers held in private storages, these practices contribute to a number of possible configurations of any given offshore company, whose records are at once factually correct and conveniently flawed.

Offshore A-Z plays with the idea that truth is not one nor static, and that it does not need to be upheld equally at all times or in all fora.

Obtaining the data

The data contained within Offshore A-Z comes from a number of sources. Prior to the Offshore Leaks, the snippets of information available on offshore companies were largely confined to the outdated online registrars kept by tax havens, as an empty gesture towards transparency. Employing data scraping techniques, dmstfctn extracted records on hundreds of thousands of companies appearing in a number of such registrars.

Yielding varying amounts of information, and naturally full of gaps - sometimes full company details and descriptions, sometimes little more than a name - the records were cross referenced with data from the ICIJ’s Offshore Leaks as well as Financial Secrecy Index scores from the Tax Justice Network, and compiled into a single searchable database.

Training the algorithms

Algorithms were then trained to fill in the gaps in information. Using keywords from the company’s records as a trigger, the algorithms associate images with each nondescript company and complete missing fields by guessing possible incorporation dates or by generating corporate mission statement via a simple neural network. The coherency and accuracy of the neural network is directly undermined by the opaque source material, or incomplete input records. Finally, companies previously named in the Offshore Leaks ( for example) are hyperlinked to the relevant entry on the ICIJ database, allowing user to investigate further.

Compiling the template

The resulting information is autonomously built into a Web 2.0 page, employing a visual grammar similar to that used by existing registrars of companies. However, under intense scrutiny, the template mealts away revealing warm hues and floating forms.

This cycle of actions is repeated for each unreleased company found in the database and publicly announced by a Twitter bot.

Zooming in

Among the companies listed on the Offshore A-Z, a few appearing to be embedded in complex offshore vehicles were further investigated, resulting in three stories focusing on the funding behind Leave.EU, the corporate tax-avoidance of Barclays and the colonial origins of HSBC.

Offshore A-Z is a project by dmstfctn.

BOTTA'S DEVELOPMENT

Company Name BOTTA'S DEVELOPMENT
Date of Registration 30th October 2015
Company Objective 1.     The acquire, hold, dispose of, management and development of movable and immovable property as well as the acquisition, possession, transfer and management of rights and interests relating to movable and immovable property.
2.     The rent, lease, sublet, provide mortgage or otherwise of security rights in movable and immovable property or related rights and interests.
3.     The providing services in project development by promoting the construction of immovable and movable property and the guidance and coordination of their exploitation, as well as advise and mediate in relation to transactions in immovable and movable property and rights thereto.
4.     The providing advice and provision of services in the design of buildings and outdoor spaces.
5.     The conduct of management and supervision in the implementation of architectural projects and associated technical equipment.
6.     The design, calculation, assume arranging and carrying out of construction work in both the private and public sectors , including renovations and restoration; the foregoing to the extent related to the above work
7     The conduct the building and construction business including metal and welding, plumbing, masonry, carpentry and electrical installations..; the foregoing to the extent related to the aforementioned activities.
8.     The Import and marketing of all those articles, materials and products needed to build a building, and to organize; the foregoing to the extent related to the aforementioned activities.
9     The participate in, support or are interested in any way in or carry on the board detect or representation of other companies, partnerships and legal persons, regardless of the target definition.; foregoing where the company is not acting in breach of the Ordinance Supervision trust offices.
10.     The setting bail and other guarantees and transferring ownership whether or not in fiduciary or trust or mortgage, pledge or otherwise encumber assets, all this as security for the payment of the debts of the company and the debts of third parties, whether in return contraprestatie.
11.     The invest its assets in securities such as shares and other securities in respect of bonds and other interest-bearing debt, by whatever name and in whatever form.
12.     The invest directly or indirectly, of its assets in property and rights to acquire, possess, rent, lease, lease, lease, subdivide, drainage, develop, enhance, edit, cultivate, sell or otherwise dispose of, mortgage or otherwise encumber immovable business and the construction of infrastructure projects such as roads, pipelines and similar works in real estate.
13.     The full or partial building retirement benefit of employees or former employees of the Company and / or their survivors.
14.      Acting as finance and mediating in the realization of financing of all types of transactions.
15.      The company's activities referred to in paragraph 14 can only carry out in such a way that they do not as a credit institution as defined in Article 1 paragraph 1 of the Ordinance Supervision Credit System can be considered. It is also expressly prohibited without exemption, to perform the acts specified in Article 48 of the Ordinance Supervision Credit System.
16.     The conduct of all activities and all actions, which are related in the broadest sense of the foregoing, ensuing from or may be conducive thereto.
17.      The above will be made to the extent permitted by and subject to the provisions under or pursuant to the relevant laws.
Country
aruba
Financial Secrecy Index [more info] 68
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