Offshore A-Z is a digital repository of companies operating across major tax havens. Offshore A-Z exploits the inscrutability of such companies to speculate on their possible nature and intent. Each company listed on here is real, but the information surrounding these consist of both actual records, obtained by dmstfctn, and speculative images and mission statements, generated by algorithms.

Tax havens, or secrecy jurisdictions, employ laws and corporate regulations different from those of most jurisdictions, using secrecy as a prime tool. Furthermore, the agents operating offshore on behalf of clients elsewhere have been observed by dmstfctn to willfully introduce mistakes in the records held on the companies they help forming. (Offshore Investigation Vehicle)

When offshore companies are but a bundle of papers held in private storages, these practices contribute to a number of possible configurations of any given offshore company, whose records are at once factually correct and conveniently flawed.

Offshore A-Z plays with the idea that truth is not one nor static, and that it does not need to be upheld equally at all times or in all fora.

Obtaining the data

The data contained within Offshore A-Z comes from a number of sources. Prior to the Offshore Leaks, the snippets of information available on offshore companies were largely confined to the outdated online registrars kept by tax havens, as an empty gesture towards transparency. Employing data scraping techniques, dmstfctn extracted records on hundreds of thousands of companies appearing in a number of such registrars.

Yielding varying amounts of information, and naturally full of gaps - sometimes full company details and descriptions, sometimes little more than a name - the records were cross referenced with data from the ICIJ’s Offshore Leaks as well as Financial Secrecy Index scores from the Tax Justice Network, and compiled into a single searchable database.

Training the algorithms

Algorithms were then trained to fill in the gaps in information. Using keywords from the company’s records as a trigger, the algorithms associate images with each nondescript company and complete missing fields by guessing possible incorporation dates or by generating corporate mission statement via a simple neural network. The coherency and accuracy of the neural network is directly undermined by the opaque source material, or incomplete input records. Finally, companies previously named in the Offshore Leaks ( for example) are hyperlinked to the relevant entry on the ICIJ database, allowing user to investigate further.

Compiling the template

The resulting information is autonomously built into a Web 2.0 page, employing a visual grammar similar to that used by existing registrars of companies. However, under intense scrutiny, the template mealts away revealing warm hues and floating forms.

This cycle of actions is repeated for each unreleased company found in the database and publicly announced by a Twitter bot.

Zooming in

Among the companies listed on the Offshore A-Z, a few appearing to be embedded in complex offshore vehicles were further investigated, resulting in three stories focusing on the funding behind Leave.EU, the corporate tax-avoidance of Barclays and the colonial origins of HSBC.

Offshore A-Z is a project by dmstfctn.

HEDA INVESTMENTS A.V.V.

Company Name HEDA INVESTMENTS A.V.V.
Date of Registration 30th October 2000
Company Objective a.    to buy, sell, trade and deal in, stocks, bonds and securities of every nature, including puts, calls, straddles and other options, covered and uncovered, of every kind and nature, and commodities of every nature, and futures contracts of any nature, on margin or otherwise; and, in connection therewith, to borrow money and to pledge any and all stocks, bonds, securities, commodities and contracts for the future delivery thereof;
b.    investing its assets in securities, as amongst others shares and other certificates of participation and bonds, as also in other interest bearing certificates of indebtedness under whatever name and in any form whatsoever, the borrowing of monies and the issuing of bonds therefore, as also the granting in any way of securities as well in behalf of the company itself as in behalf of third parties;
c.    to act as finance company and as intermediary in effecting financing of transactions. The corporation can exclusively perform these activities within the framework of its normal business operations not with importance to act as finance company that in such a way that it cannot be deemed a credit institution as meant in the State Ordinance Supervision Banking and Credit System. Furthermore, its is explicitly prohibited from attracting money from the public and/or to lend out money to the public;
d.    the acquiring of:
i.    proceeds, resulting from the alienation or the waiving of the right of using copy rights, patents, patterns, secret processes or formulas, trade marks and similar matters;
ii.    royalties, including rentals with regard to films or in respect of the use of industrial, commercial or scientific installations as well as with regard to the operation of a mine or quarry or any other natural resource and other immovable goods;
iii.    remuneration for the rendering of technical assistance;
e.    the acquiring, possessing, alienating, managing and developing of immovable goods and or any right or interest in immovable goods, and the participation in any other enterprise or corporation with similar purposes or related purposes;
f.    the letting, leasing, the mortgaging or in general encumbering of immovable goods and or any right in or interest in immovable goods;
G.    the trading in - including the wholesale, the intermediate trade and futures dealings - as also the import and export of raw materials, minerals, metals, organic matters, semi-manufactured and final products whatever their nature and under which name whatsoever;
h.    the participation in other ventures and enterprises.
2.    The corporation is entitled to transact all that may be necessary or useful to achieve its purpose or that is related thereto in the widest sense of the word.
Country
aruba
Financial Secrecy Index [more info] 68
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