Offshore A-Z is a digital repository of companies operating across major tax havens. Offshore A-Z exploits the inscrutability of such companies to speculate on their possible nature and intent. Each company listed on here is real, but the information surrounding these consist of both actual records, obtained by dmstfctn, and speculative images and mission statements, generated by algorithms.

Tax havens, or secrecy jurisdictions, employ laws and corporate regulations different from those of most jurisdictions, using secrecy as a prime tool. Furthermore, the agents operating offshore on behalf of clients elsewhere have been observed by dmstfctn to willfully introduce mistakes in the records held on the companies they help forming. (Offshore Investigation Vehicle)

When offshore companies are but a bundle of papers held in private storages, these practices contribute to a number of possible configurations of any given offshore company, whose records are at once factually correct and conveniently flawed.

Offshore A-Z plays with the idea that truth is not one nor static, and that it does not need to be upheld equally at all times or in all fora.

Obtaining the data

The data contained within Offshore A-Z comes from a number of sources. Prior to the Offshore Leaks, the snippets of information available on offshore companies were largely confined to the outdated online registrars kept by tax havens, as an empty gesture towards transparency. Employing data scraping techniques, dmstfctn extracted records on hundreds of thousands of companies appearing in a number of such registrars.

Yielding varying amounts of information, and naturally full of gaps - sometimes full company details and descriptions, sometimes little more than a name - the records were cross referenced with data from the ICIJ’s Offshore Leaks as well as Financial Secrecy Index scores from the Tax Justice Network, and compiled into a single searchable database.

Training the algorithms

Algorithms were then trained to fill in the gaps in information. Using keywords from the company’s records as a trigger, the algorithms associate images with each nondescript company and complete missing fields by guessing possible incorporation dates or by generating corporate mission statement via a simple neural network. The coherency and accuracy of the neural network is directly undermined by the opaque source material, or incomplete input records. Finally, companies previously named in the Offshore Leaks ( for example) are hyperlinked to the relevant entry on the ICIJ database, allowing user to investigate further.

Compiling the template

The resulting information is autonomously built into a Web 2.0 page, employing a visual grammar similar to that used by existing registrars of companies. However, under intense scrutiny, the template mealts away revealing warm hues and floating forms.

This cycle of actions is repeated for each unreleased company found in the database and publicly announced by a Twitter bot.

Zooming in

Among the companies listed on the Offshore A-Z, a few appearing to be embedded in complex offshore vehicles were further investigated, resulting in three stories focusing on the funding behind Leave.EU, the corporate tax-avoidance of Barclays and the colonial origins of HSBC.

Offshore A-Z is a project by dmstfctn.

VALENTINE REAL ESTATE

Company Name VALENTINE REAL ESTATE
Date of Registration 15th June 1999
Company Objective A. TO ACQUIRE, POSSESS, ALIENATE, BUILD AND PROCURE TO BUILD, MANAGE AND DEVELOP, RENT AND LEASE, SELL, PARCEL OUT, MORTGAGE AND/OR IN GENERAL ENCUMBER REAL PROPERTIES AND/OR INTEREST IN SUCH REAL PROPERTIES AND/OR REGISTER PRODUCTS AND IN PARTICULAR OF OFFICE BUILDINGS, APARTMENTS, BUNGALOWS, HOUSES, SHOPPING ARCADES, SUPERMARKETS, WAREHOUSES AND THE LIKE;
B. TO DEVELOP LAND FOR THE BUILDING OF OFFICE BUILDINGS, APARTMENTS, BUNGALOWS, HOUSES, SHOPPING ARCADES, SUPERMARKETS, WAREHOUSES AND THE LIKE, AS WELL AS TO (PROCURE TO) BUILD THE ABOVEMENTIONED OFFICE BUILDINGS, APARTMENTS, BUNGALOWS, HOUSES, SHOPPING ARCADES, SUPERMARKETS, WAREHOUSES AND THE LIKE;
C. TO ACT AS INTERMEDIARY IN TRANSACTIONS FOR PERSONAL AND REAL PROPERTIES;
D. to construct and/or for own account execute building, demolition works, re-construction, repair- and maintenance activities, excavation and similar works;
E. to operate a construction firm, to draw up buildingprograms, to design, compute, work out and prepare projects on commercial, financial, civil- and structural engineering, as well as to attend, co-ordinate, manage subsidiaries and to supervise on these projects, technical installations and similar works;
F. TO IMPORT, EXPORT AND SELL construction materials and tools, painting articles, hardware, wood, tiles and all kinds of articles which are usually sold in a hardware store;
G. TO ACT AS PROJECT DEVELOPER AND IN RELATION TO THIS to invest its assets, either directly or indirectly, in real property and rights, to acquire, own, hire, let, rent, lease, divide, drain, develop, improve, build upon, BUILD AND PROCURE TO BUILD, MANAGE AND ADMINISTER, sell, or otherwise alienate, mortgage or otherwise encumber of real property and build infrastructural works such as roads, pipelines and similar works on real property;
H. TO BUILD UP PENSION SERVICES ENTIRELY OR PARTIALY ON BEHALF OF SHAREHOLDERS, FORMER SHAREHOLDERS AND/OR THEIR SURVIVING RELATIONS AND PERSONNEL IN SERVICE OF THE COMPANY.
Country
aruba
Financial Secrecy Index [more info] 68
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